Ideas behind proofs.
Intermediate steps where needed.

Foundations

Natural numbers, induction, structure, basic logic.

Algebra

Groups, rings, fields, linear algebra.

Analysis

Limits, continuity, integration, complex analysis.

Geometry

Euclidean, affine/projective, transformations.

Combinatorics

Counting, designs, discrete structures.

Number Theory

Primes, congruences, arithmetic structures.

Topology

Continuity, spaces, invariants.

Probability

Randomness, expectation, stochastic ideas.

Dynamics

Iteration, stability, bifurcations.